/**************************************************************************** ** ** Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies). ** Contact: Qt Software Information (qt-info@nokia.com) ** ** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit. ** ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$ ** Commercial Usage ** Licensees holding valid Qt Commercial licenses may use this file in ** accordance with the Qt Commercial License Agreement provided with the ** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in ** a written agreement between you and Nokia. ** ** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser ** General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software ** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the ** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to ** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 requirements ** will be met: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html. ** ** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain ** additional rights. These rights are described in the Nokia Qt LGPL ** Exception version 1.0, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this ** package. ** ** GNU General Public License Usage ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU ** General Public License version 3.0 as published by the Free Software ** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL included in the ** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to ** ensure the GNU General Public License version 3.0 requirements will be ** met: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html. ** ** If you are unsure which license is appropriate for your use, please ** contact the sales department at qt-sales@nokia.com. ** $QT_END_LICENSE$ ** ****************************************************************************/ /*! \page qt-performance.html \title Qt Performance Tuning \ingroup qtce \ingroup qt-embedded-linux \brief Ways to improve performance on embedded platforms. When building embedded applications on low-powered devices, \l{Qt for Windows CE} and \l{Qt for Embedded Linux} provide a number of options that reduce the memory and/or CPU requirements by making various trade-offs. These options range from variations in programming style, to linking and memory allocation. Note that the most direct way of saving resources, is to avoid compiling in features that are not required. See the \l{Fine-Tuning Features in Qt} {fine tuning features} documentation for details. \tableofcontents \section1 Programming Style Rather than creating dialogs and widgets every time they are needed, and delete them when they are no longer required, create them once and use the QWidget::hide() and QWidget::show() functions whenever appropriate. To avoid a slow startup of the application, delay the creation of dialogs and widgets until they are requested. All this will improve the CPU performance, it requires a little more memory, but will be much faster. \section1 Static vs. Dynamic Linking A lot of CPU and memory is used by the ELF (Executable and Linking Format) linking process. Significant savings can be achieved by using a static build of the application suite; rather than having a collection of executables which link dynamically to Qt's libraries, all the applications is built into into a single executable which is statically linked to Qt's libraries. This improves the start-up time and reduces memory usage at the expense of flexibility (to add a new application, you must recompile the single executable) and robustness (if one application has a bug, it might harm other applications). \table 100% \row \o \bold {Creating a Static Build} To compile Qt as a static library, use the \c -static option when running configure: \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_emb-performance.qdoc 0 To build the application suite as an all-in-one application, design each application as a stand-alone widget (or set of widgets) with only minimal code in the \c main() function. Then, write an application that provides a means of switching between the applications. The \l Qt Extended platform is an example using this approach: It can be built either as a set of dynamically linked executables, or as a single static application. Note that the application still should link dynamically against the standard C library and any other libraries which might be used by other applications on the target device. \endtable When installing end-user applications, this approach may not be an option, but when building a single application suite for a device with limited CPU power and memory, this option could be very beneficial. \section1 Alternative Memory Allocation The libraries shipped with some C++ compilers on some platforms have poor performance in the built-in "new" and "delete" operators. Improved memory allocation and performance may be gained by re-implementing these functions: \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_emb-performance.qdoc 1 The example above shows the necessary code to switch to the plain C memory allocators. \section1 Bypassing the Backing Store When rendering, Qt uses the concept of a backing store; i.e., a paint buffer, to reduce flicker and to support graphics operations such as blending. The default behavior is for each client to render its widgets into memory while the server is responsible for putting the contents of the memory onto the screen. But when the hardware is known and well defined, as is often the case with software for embedded devices, it might be useful to bypass the backing store, allowing the clients to manipulate the underlying hardware directly. \if defined(qtce) This is achieved by setting the Qt::WA_PaintOnScreen window attribute for each widget. \else There are two approaches to direct painting: The first approach is to set the Qt::WA_PaintOnScreen window attribute for each widget, the other is to use the QDirectPainter class to reserve a region of the framebuffer. For more information, see the \l{Qt for Embedded Linux Architecture#Direct Painting}{direct painting} section of the \l{Qt for Embedded Linux Architecture}{architecture} documentation. \endif */