| 1 | <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>nmbd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="nmbd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>nmbd — NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS |
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| 2 | over IP naming services to clients</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">nmbd</code> [-D] [-F] [-S] [-a] [-i] [-o] [-h] [-V] [-d <debug level>] [-H <lmhosts file>] [-l <log directory>] [-p <port number>] [-s <configuration file>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id231186"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This program is part of the <a href="samba.7.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">samba</span>(7)</span></a> suite.</p><p><span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> is a server that understands |
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| 3 | and can reply to NetBIOS over IP name service requests, like |
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| 4 | those produced by SMB/CIFS clients such as Windows 95/98/ME, |
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| 5 | Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP and LanManager clients. It also |
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| 6 | participates in the browsing protocols which make up the |
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| 7 | Windows "Network Neighborhood" view.</p><p>SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to |
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| 8 | locate an SMB/CIFS server. That is, they wish to know what |
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| 9 | IP number a specified host is using.</p><p>Amongst other services, <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> will |
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| 10 | listen for such requests, and if its own NetBIOS name is |
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| 11 | specified it will respond with the IP number of the host it |
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| 12 | is running on. Its "own NetBIOS name" is by |
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| 13 | default the primary DNS name of the host it is running on, |
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| 14 | but this can be overridden by the <a class="indexterm" name="id231429"></a>netbios name |
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| 15 | in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>. Thus <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> will |
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| 16 | reply to broadcast queries for its own name(s). Additional |
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| 17 | names for <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> to respond on can be set |
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| 18 | via parameters in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> configuration file.</p><p><span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> can also be used as a WINS |
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| 19 | (Windows Internet Name Server) server. What this basically means |
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| 20 | is that it will act as a WINS database server, creating a |
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| 21 | database from name registration requests that it receives and |
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| 22 | replying to queries from clients for these names.</p><p>In addition, <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> can act as a WINS |
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| 23 | proxy, relaying broadcast queries from clients that do |
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| 24 | not understand how to talk the WINS protocol to a WINS |
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| 25 | server.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id231484"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-D</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes |
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| 26 | <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> to operate as a daemon. That is, |
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| 27 | it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding |
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| 28 | requests on the appropriate port. By default, <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> |
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| 29 | will operate as a daemon if launched from a command shell. |
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| 30 | nmbd can also be operated from the <span><strong class="command">inetd</strong></span> |
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| 31 | meta-daemon, although this is not recommended. |
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| 32 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-F</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes |
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| 33 | the main <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> process to not daemonize, |
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| 34 | i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. |
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| 35 | Child processes are still created as normal to service |
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| 36 | each connection request, but the main process does not |
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| 37 | exit. This operation mode is suitable for running |
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| 38 | <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> under process supervisors such |
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| 39 | as <span><strong class="command">supervise</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">svscan</strong></span> |
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| 40 | from Daniel J. Bernstein's <span><strong class="command">daemontools</strong></span> |
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| 41 | package, or the AIX process monitor. |
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| 42 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes |
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| 43 | <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> to log to standard output rather |
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| 44 | than a file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is specified it causes the |
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| 45 | server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the |
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| 46 | server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this |
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| 47 | parameter negates the implicit daemon mode when run from the |
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| 48 | command line. <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> also logs to standard |
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| 49 | output, as if the <code class="constant">-S</code> parameter had been |
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| 50 | given. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. |
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| 51 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-H <filename></span></dt><dd><p>NetBIOS lmhosts file. The lmhosts |
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| 52 | file is a list of NetBIOS names to IP addresses that |
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| 53 | is loaded by the nmbd server and used via the name |
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| 54 | resolution mechanism <a class="indexterm" name="id230575"></a>name resolve order described in <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> to resolve any |
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| 55 | NetBIOS name queries needed by the server. Note |
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| 56 | that the contents of this file are <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> |
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| 57 | used by <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> to answer any name queries. |
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| 58 | Adding a line to this file affects name NetBIOS resolution |
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| 59 | from this host <span class="emphasis"><em>ONLY</em></span>.</p><p>The default path to this file is compiled into |
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| 60 | Samba as part of the build process. Common defaults |
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| 61 | are <code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts</code>, |
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| 62 | <code class="filename">/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts</code> or |
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| 63 | <code class="filename">/etc/samba/lmhosts</code>. See the <a href="lmhosts.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lmhosts</span>(5)</span></a> man page for details on the contents of this file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the program version number. |
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| 64 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the |
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| 65 | configuration details required by the server. The |
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| 66 | information in this file includes server-specific |
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| 67 | information such as what printcap file to use, as well |
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| 68 | as descriptions of all the services that the server is |
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| 69 | to provide. See <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for more information. |
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| 70 | The default configuration file name is determined at |
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| 71 | compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debuglevel=level</span></dt><dd><p><em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em> is an integer |
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| 72 | from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is |
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| 73 | not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be |
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| 74 | logged to the log files about the activities of the |
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| 75 | server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious |
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| 76 | warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for |
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| 77 | day-to-day running - it generates a small amount of |
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| 78 | information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable |
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| 79 | amounts of log data, and should only be used when |
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| 80 | investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for |
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| 81 | use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log |
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| 82 | data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will |
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| 83 | override the <a class="indexterm" name="id271795"></a> parameter |
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| 84 | in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logdirectory</span></dt><dd><p>Base directory name for log/debug files. The extension |
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| 85 | <code class="constant">".progname"</code> will be appended (e.g. log.smbclient, |
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| 86 | log.smbd, etc...). The log file is never removed by the client. |
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| 87 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p <UDP port number></span></dt><dd><p>UDP port number is a positive integer value. |
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| 88 | This option changes the default UDP port number (normally 137) |
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| 89 | that <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> responds to name queries on. Don't |
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| 90 | use this option unless you are an expert, in which case you |
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| 91 | won't need help!</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id271847"></a><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/inetd.conf</code></span></dt><dd><p>If the server is to be run by the |
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| 92 | <span><strong class="command">inetd</strong></span> meta-daemon, this file |
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| 93 | must contain suitable startup information for the |
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| 94 | meta-daemon. |
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| 95 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/rc</code></span></dt><dd><p>or whatever initialization script your |
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| 96 | system uses).</p><p>If running the server as a daemon at startup, |
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| 97 | this file will need to contain an appropriate startup |
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| 98 | sequence for the server.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/services</code></span></dt><dd><p>If running the server via the |
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| 99 | meta-daemon <span><strong class="command">inetd</strong></span>, this file |
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| 100 | must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) |
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| 101 | to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). |
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| 102 | </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</code></span></dt><dd><p>This is the default location of |
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| 103 | the <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> server |
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| 104 | configuration file. Other common places that systems |
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| 105 | install this file are <code class="filename">/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</code> |
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| 106 | and <code class="filename">/etc/samba/smb.conf</code>.</p><p>When run as a WINS server (see the |
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| 107 | <a class="indexterm" name="id271954"></a>wins support |
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| 108 | parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> man page), |
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| 109 | <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> |
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| 110 | will store the WINS database in the file <code class="filename">wins.dat</code> |
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| 111 | in the <code class="filename">var/locks</code> directory configured under |
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| 112 | wherever Samba was configured to install itself.</p><p>If <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> is acting as a <span class="emphasis"><em> |
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| 113 | browse master</em></span> (see the <a class="indexterm" name="id272001"></a>local master |
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| 114 | parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> man page, <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> |
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| 115 | will store the browsing database in the file <code class="filename">browse.dat |
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| 116 | </code> in the <code class="filename">var/locks</code> directory |
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| 117 | configured under wherever Samba was configured to install itself. |
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| 118 | </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id272039"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2><p>To shut down an <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> process it is recommended |
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| 119 | that SIGKILL (-9) <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be used, except as a last |
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| 120 | resort, as this may leave the name database in an inconsistent state. |
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| 121 | The correct way to terminate <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> is to send it |
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| 122 | a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.</p><p><span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> will accept SIGHUP, which will cause |
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| 123 | it to dump out its namelists into the file <code class="filename">namelist.debug |
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| 124 | </code> in the <code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/var/locks</code> |
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| 125 | directory (or the <code class="filename">var/locks</code> directory configured |
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| 126 | under wherever Samba was configured to install itself). This will also |
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| 127 | cause <span><strong class="command">nmbd</strong></span> to dump out its server database in |
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| 128 | the <code class="filename">log.nmb</code> file.</p><p>The debug log level of nmbd may be raised or lowered |
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| 129 | using <a href="smbcontrol.1.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbcontrol</span>(1)</span></a> (SIGUSR[1|2] signals |
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| 130 | are no longer used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow |
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| 131 | transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running |
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| 132 | at a normally low log level.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id272119"></a><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of |
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| 133 | the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id272130"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p> |
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| 134 | <a href="inetd.8.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">inetd</span>(8)</span></a>, <a href="smbd.8.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbd</span>(8)</span></a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbclient</span>(1)</span></a>, <a href="testparm.1.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">testparm</span>(1)</span></a>, <a href="testprns.1.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">testprns</span>(1)</span></a>, and the Internet |
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| 135 | RFC's <code class="filename">rfc1001.txt</code>, <code class="filename">rfc1002.txt</code>. |
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| 136 | In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available |
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| 137 | as a link from the Web page <a href="http://samba.org/cifs/" target="_top"> |
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| 138 | http://samba.org/cifs/</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id272207"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities |
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| 139 | were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed |
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| 140 | by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar |
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| 141 | to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. |
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| 142 | The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another |
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| 143 | excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> |
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| 144 | ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 |
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| 145 | release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for |
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| 146 | Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook |
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| 147 | XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> |
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