Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracInstall


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Timestamp:
Jan 13, 2020, 10:30:06 PM (4 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracInstall

    v1 v2  
    1 = Trac Installation Guide for 1.0
     1= Trac Installation Guide for 1.2
    22[[TracGuideToc]]
    33
    44Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    55
    6 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
    7 
    8 If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
    9 
    10 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     6Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
     7
     8If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhancing the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
     9
     10What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    1111
    1212[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
     
    1616To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    1717
    18  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
    19    (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
    20  * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
     18 * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.6 and < 3.0
     19   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.5 in this release)
     20 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
    2121 * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
    2222
     
    2525==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
    2626
    27 As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python: the `sqlite3` module.
    28 
    29 However, if you like, you can download the latest and greatest version of [[trac:PySqlite]] from
    30 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code], where you'll find the Windows
    31 installers or the `tar.gz` archive for building from source:
    32 {{{#!sh
    33 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    34 $ cd <version>
    35 $ python setup.py build_static install
    36 }}}
    37  
    38 This will download the latest SQLite code and build the bindings. SQLite 2.x is no longer supported.
    39 
    40 A known bug in [trac:PySqlite] versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrades of Trac databases from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and older. See [trac:#9434] for more detail. See additional information in [trac:PySqlite PySqlite].
     27As you must be using Python 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
     28
     29Optionally, you may install a newer version of [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysqlite pysqlite] than the one provided by the Python distribution. See [trac:PySqlite#ThePysqlite2bindings PySqlite] for details.
    4130
    4231==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
     
    5948=== Optional Dependencies
    6049
    61 ==== Version Control System
    62 
    63 ===== Subversion
    64  * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     50==== Subversion
     51
     52[http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.6.x or later and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings.
    6553
    6654There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. [trac:TracSubversion] points you to [http://alagazam.net Alagazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
    6755
    68 Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
    69 
    70 '''Please note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
    71 
    72 ===== Others
    73 
    74 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     56For troubleshooting information, see the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     57
     58{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     59**Note:**
     60* Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], nor does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
     61* If using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
     62}}}
     63
     64==== Git
     65
     66[http://git-scm.com/ Git] 1.5.6 or later is supported. More information is available on the [trac:TracGit] page.
     67
     68==== Other Version Control Systems
     69
     70Support for other version control systems is provided via third-party plugins. See [trac:PluginList#VersionControlSystems] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
    7571
    7672==== Web Server
     
    7975Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments:
    8076 * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
    81    - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
    82      http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac
    83    - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python >= 3.3.1], (deprecated: see TracModPython)
     77  * [https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac ModWSGI IntegrationWithTrac].
     78  * [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.5.0], see TracModPython
    8479 * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
    8580 * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    8681   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     82 * Microsoft IIS with FastCGI and a FastCGI-to-WSGI gateway (see [trac:CookBook/Installation/TracOnWindowsIisWfastcgi IIS with FastCGI])
    8783 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    8884   is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
     
    9187==== Other Python Packages
    9288
    93  * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version >= 0.9.5,
    94    needed for localization support (unreleased version 1.0dev should work as well)
     89 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version 0.9.6 or >= 1.3,
     90   needed for localization support
    9591 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    9692   for WikiRestructuredText.
    9793 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
    98    [wiki:TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    99    [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] and/or
    100    [http://gnu.org/software/enscript/enscript.html Enscript] may still be used
    101    but are deprecated and you really should be using Pygments.
     94   [TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    10295 * [http://pytz.sf.net pytz] to get a complete list of time zones,
    10396   otherwise Trac will fall back on a shorter list from
    10497   an internal time zone implementation.
    10598
    106 '''Attention''': The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
    107 
    108 Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing''. There are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!
     99{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     100**Attention**: The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     101}}}
     102
     103Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing''.
    109104
    110105== Installing Trac
     106
     107The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [TracStandalone tracd] standalone server are installed along with Trac. There are several methods for installing Trac.
     108
     109It is assumed throughout this guide that you have elevated permissions as the `root` user or by prefixing commands with `sudo`. The umask `0002` should be used for a typical installation on a Unix-based platform.
     110
    111111=== Using `easy_install`
    112 One way to install Trac is using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools]. With setuptools you can install Trac from the Subversion repository.
     112Trac can be installed from PyPI or the Subversion repository using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    113113
    114114A few examples:
    115115
    116  - Install Trac 1.0:
    117    {{{#!sh
    118    easy_install Trac==1.0
    119    }}}
     116 - Install the latest stable version of Trac:
     117 {{{#!sh
     118$ easy_install Trac
     119}}}
    120120 - Install latest development version:
    121    {{{#!sh
    122    easy_install Trac==dev
    123    }}}
     121 {{{#!sh
     122$ easy_install http://download.edgewall.org/trac/Trac-latest-dev.tar.gz
     123}}}
    124124   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
    125125   either use a released version or install from source
    126126
    127 {{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
    128 **Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in the sections on [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running The Standalone Server] and [#RunningTraconaWebServer Running Trac on a Web Server].
     127More information can be found on the [trac:wiki:setuptools setuptools] page.
     128
     129{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     130**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in [#DeployingTrac Deploying Trac].
    129131}}}
    130132
     
    135137Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
    136138
    137  -
    138139 {{{#!sh
    139 pip install trac psycopg2
     140$ pip install trac psycopg2
    140141}}}
    141142or
    142  -
    143143 {{{#!sh
    144 pip install trac mysql-python
     144$ pip install trac mysql-python
    145145}}}
    146146
    147147Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
    148148
    149 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     149pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.), download the latest packages from pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
    150150
    151151All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
     
    154154
    155155=== From source
    156 Of course, using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`), or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:SubversionRepository] for details.
     156Using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`) from the [trac:TracDownload] page, or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:TracRepositories#OfficialSubversionrepository TracRepositories] for details.
    157157
    158158{{{#!sh
     
    165165of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
    166166
    167 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    168 
    169167If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
    170168{{{#!sh
     
    173171Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
    174172
    175 === Advanced Options
     173=== Using installer
     174
     175On Windows, Trac can be installed using the exe installers available on the [trac:TracDownload] page. Installers are available for the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Python. Make sure to use the installer that matches the architecture of your Python installation.
     176
     177=== Using package manager
     178
     179Trac may be available in your platform's package repository. Note however, that the version provided by your package manager may not be the latest release.
     180
     181=== Advanced `easy_install` Options
    176182
    177183To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    178184{{{#!sh
    179 easy_install --help
     185$ easy_install --help
    180186}}}
    181187
     
    184190Specifically, you might be interested in:
    185191{{{#!sh
    186 easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
     192$ easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    187193}}}
    188194or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
    189195{{{#!sh
    190 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    191 }}}
    192 Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default.
    193 
    194 The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     196$ easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages
     197}}}
     198
     199{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     200**Mac OS X Note:** On Mac OS X 10.6,  running `easy_install trac` will install into `/usr/local` and `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages` by default.
     201
     202The `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands will be placed in `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     203}}}
    195204
    196205== Creating a Project Environment
    197206
    198 A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
    199 
    200 A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
     207A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
     208
     209A new environment is created using [TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    201210{{{#!sh
    202211$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    203212}}}
    204213
    205 [TracAdmin trac-admin] will prompt you for the information it needs to create the environment, such as the name of the project and the [TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string]. If you're not sure what to specify for one of these options, just press `<Enter>` to use the default value.
    206 
    207 Using the default database connection string in particular will always work as long as you have SQLite installed.
    208 For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
    209 
    210 Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterwards, and support for specific version control systems is disabled by default.
    211 
    212 Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
    213 
    214 When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     214You will be prompted for the information needed to create the environment: the name of the project and the [TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string]. If you're not sure what to specify for any of these options, just press `<Enter>` to use the default value.
     215
     216Using the default database connection string will always work as long as you have SQLite installed. For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
     217
     218Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later using TracAdmin or directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
     219
     220{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     221**Filesystem Warning:** When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     222}}}
    215223
    216224Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
    217225{{{#!sh
    218 $ chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
     226$ chown -R apache:apache /path/to/myproject
    219227}}}
    220228
     
    227235== Deploying Trac
    228236
     237{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     238**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation.
     239
     240If running `tracd`, the environment variable can be set system-wide or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     241
     242To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     243{{{#!sh
     244export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     245}}}
     246
     247Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     248{{{#!sh
     249$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     250}}}
     251
     252If running the Apache web server, !Ubuntu/Debian users should add the `export` statement to `/etc/apache2/envvars`. !RedHat/CentOS/Fedora should can add the `export` statement to `/etc/sysconfig/httpd`.
     253}}}
     254
    229255=== Running the Standalone Server
    230256
    231 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
     257After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [TracStandalone tracd]:
    232258{{{#!sh
    233259$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     
    239265}}}
    240266
    241 {{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
    242 **Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. The environment variable can be set system-wide, or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
    243 
    244 To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
    245 {{{#!sh
    246 export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
    247 }}}
    248 
    249 Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
    250 {{{#!sh
    251 $ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    252 }}}
    253 }}}
    254 
    255267=== Running Trac on a Web Server
    256268
    257269Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
    258  - [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI]
    259  - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
    260  - //[wiki:TracModPython mod_python] (no longer recommended, as mod_python is not actively maintained anymore)//
    261  - //[wiki:TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     270 - [TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     271 - [wiki:TracModWSGI Apache with mod_wsgi]
     272 - [TracModPython Apache with mod_python]
     273 - [TracCgi CGI] //(should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
    262274
    263275Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
     
    265277==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
    266278
    267 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    268 
    269 There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    270 {{{#!sh
    271 mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    272 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
    273 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project deploy /tmp/deploy
    274 mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    275 }}}
    276 Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
     279Application scripts for CGI, FastCGI and mod-wsgi can be generated using the [TracAdmin trac-admin] `deploy` command:
     280[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     281
     282Grant the web server execution right on scripts in the `cgi-bin` directory.
     283
     284For example, the following yields a typical directory structure:
     285{{{#!sh
     286$ mkdir -p /var/trac
     287$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> initenv
     288$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> deploy /var/www
     289$ ls /var/www
     290cgi-bin htdocs
     291$ chmod ugo+x /var/www/cgi-bin/*
     292}}}
    277293
    278294==== Mapping Static Resources
    279295
    280 Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
    281 
    282 Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
    283 
    284 There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
    285 
    286 Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
    287 [[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
    288 
    289 The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
    290  - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
    291  - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
    292  - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
    293 
    294 ===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
    295 
    296 Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
    297 {{{#!sh
    298 $ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/shared/trac
    299 }}}
    300 
    301 Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
     296Without additional configuration, Trac will handle requests for static resources such as stylesheets and images. For anything other than a TracStandalone deployment, this is not optimal as the web server can be set up to directly serve the static resources. For CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' as it causes abysmal performance.
     297
     298Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create //Aliases// to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect their location on the file system. We can map requests for static resources directly to directories on the file system, to avoid Trac processing the requests.
     299
     300There are two primary URL paths for static resources: `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible at the `/chrome/<plugin>` path.
     301
     302A single `/chrome` alias can used if the static resources are extracted for all plugins. This means that the `deploy` command (discussed in the previous section) must be executed after installing or updating a plugin that provides static resources, or after modifying resources in the `$env/htdocs` directory. This is probably appropriate for most installations but may not be what you want if, for example, you wish to upload plugins through the //Plugins// administration page.
     303
     304The `deploy` command creates an `htdocs` directory with:
     305 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac
     306 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's `htdocs/` directory
     307 - `shared` - the static resources shared by multiple Trac environments, with a location defined by the `[inherit]` `htdocs_dir` option
     308 - `<plugin>/` - one directory for each resource directory provided by the plugins enabled for this environment
     309
     310The example that follows will create a single `/chrome` alias. If that isn't the correct approach for your installation you simply need to create more specific aliases:
    302311{{{#!apache
    303312Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
    304313Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     314Alias /trac/chrome/shared /path/to/trac/htdocs/shared
     315Alias /trac/chrome/<plugin> /path/to/trac/htdocs/<plugin>
     316}}}
     317
     318===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     319
     320Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     321{{{#!sh
     322$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> deploy /var/www
     323}}}
     324
     325Add the following snippet to Apache configuration, changing paths to match your deployment. The snippet must be placed ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` directive, because those directives map all requests to the Trac application:
     326{{{#!apache
     327Alias /trac/chrome /path/to/trac/htdocs
    305328
    306329<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
    307   Order allow,deny
    308   Allow from all
     330  # For Apache 2.2
     331  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     332    Order allow,deny
     333    Allow from all
     334  </IfModule>
     335  # For Apache 2.4
     336  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     337    Require all granted
     338  </IfModule>
    309339</Directory>
    310340}}}
    311341
    312 If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
     342If using mod_python, add this too, otherwise the alias will be ignored:
    313343{{{#!apache
    314 <Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
     344<Location "/trac/chrome/common">
    315345  SetHandler None
    316346</Location>
    317347}}}
    318348
    319 Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
    320 
    321 Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
     349Alternatively, if you wish to serve static resources directly from your project's `htdocs` directory rather than the location to which the files are extracted with the `deploy` command, you can configure Apache to serve those resources. Again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation:
    322350{{{#!apache
    323351Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
    324352
    325353<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
    326   Order allow,deny
    327   Allow from all
     354  # For Apache 2.2
     355  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     356    Order allow,deny
     357    Allow from all
     358  </IfModule>
     359  # For Apache 2.4
     360  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     361    Require all granted
     362  </IfModule>
    328363</Directory>
    329364}}}
    330365
    331 Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[wiki:TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     366Another alternative to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common` is having Trac generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [TracIni#trac-section htdocs_location] configuration setting:
    332367{{{#!ini
    333368[trac]
    334369htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
    335370}}}
    336 Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
     371
     372Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources, preferentially cookie-less.
    337373
    338374Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     
    341377}}}
    342378
    343 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     379==== Setting up the Plugin Cache #egg-cache
    344380
    345381Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     382
     383If you setup hook scripts that call Trac, such as the Subversion post-commit hook script provided in the `/contrib` directory, make sure you define the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable within these scripts as well.
    346384
    347385== Configuring Authentication
     
    353391Please refer to one of the following sections:
    354392 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    355  * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
     393 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi`, `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
    356394 * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
    357395
    358 The following document also constains some useful information for beginners: [trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction].
     396[trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction] also contains some useful information for beginners.
    359397
    360398== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     
    363401$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
    364402}}}
    365 This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to administrate your Trac project.
    366 
    367 == Finishing the install
    368 
    369 === Enable version control components
    370 
    371 Support for version control systems is provided by optional components in Trac and the components are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them. See TracRepositoryAdmin for more details.
    372 
    373 The components can be enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    374 
    375 {{{#!ini
    376 tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled
    377 }}}
    378 
    379 {{{#!ini
    380 tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled
    381 }}}
    382 
    383 After enabling the components, repositories can be configured through the "Repositories" admin panel or by editing [TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini].
    384 
    385 === Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets
    386 
    387 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    388  * '''`Refs #123`''' - to reference this changeset in `#123` ticket
    389  * '''`Fixes #123`''' - to reference this changeset and close `#123` ticket with the default status ''fixed''
    390 
    391 This functionality requires a post-commit hook to be installed as described in [wiki:TracRepositoryAdmin#ExplicitSync TracRepositoryAdmin], and enabling the optional commit updater components by adding the following line to the `[components]` section of your [wiki:TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    392 {{{#!ini
    393 tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.* = enabled
    394 }}}
    395 For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    396 
    397 === Using Trac
     403
     404This user will have an //Admin// navigation item that directs to pages for administering your Trac project.
     405
     406== Configuring Trac
     407
     408TracRepositoryAdmin provides information on configuring version control repositories for your project.
     409
     410== Using Trac
    398411
    399412Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
    400413
    401 Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     414Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    402415
    403416'' Enjoy! ''